Surah 104
Al-Humaza
الهمزة
9 verses · Meccan
Key structural observations
- Kull gives the warning its general scope. Alladhī connects belittling with the man who gathers and counts wealth, before yaḥsabu exposes his illusion of immortality (1–3).
- Mālan becomes mālahu: gathered wealth is named as his own, then credited in his belief with making him endure. Kallā rejects this pretension and opens the punishment (2–4).
- Gathering, counting and supposing give way to passive la-yunbadhanna. The Fire then becomes the subject of taṭṭaliʿu and closes upon the recipients: agency changes place (2–4, 7–8).
- Humazah and lumazah echo ḥuṭamah through form and sound, with distinct roots. The punishment’s name is repeated in a question, then explained as Allah’s Fire (1, 4–6).
- Allatī extends the Fire’s description to the hearts. Two occurrences of ʿalā connect inward reaching with closing upon them; extended columns complete the scene of enclosure (6–9).